RUINING THE RUINS
Acid rain is now a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe. Gases like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are produced by power stations and cars. (0) Acid rain is also capable of dissolving some rocks, and buildings made of soft rocks, such as limestone, are particularly badly affected. The acid rain attacks the rocks, and so carvings and statues are eroded more quickly.
..(1).. . According to a report in the New Scientist, acid rain is being blamed for the rapid decay of ancient ruins in Mexico. The old limestone buildings in places like Chichen Itza, Tulum and Palenque are wearing away very quickly indeed. These sites are the remains of the buildings built by the Mayas between 250 BC and AD 900, and the spectacular ruins of Mayan civilization are visited by thousands of tourists every year.
But those ruins are in danger of being seriously damaged by pollution. At many sites the stone has been covered with a layer of black substance like tar. (2). . Scientists estimate that about one millimeter of stone is worn away every twelve years. .(3). . The acid rain is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced. .(4). .
Mexicos current lack of funds is also partly due to oil. The country has rich oil fields and a few years ago, when oil was expensive, Mexico was selling large quantities of oil to the USA and earning a lot of money. .(5).. . However, the price of oil then dropped, and Mexico has been left owing enormous sums of money and with not enough income from oil sales to pay back the loans. So unless the price of oil rises, it is unlikely that Mexico will be able to afford to clean up the pollution and save its Mayan ruins from destruction.
A. At others the painted surfaces inside temples are lifting and flaking off and the stone is bein eaten away.
B. That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.
C. These measures would reduce the pollution, but would not stop it completely.
D. The government was therefore able to borrow huge sums of money from banks around the world, thinking they would have no problem repaying their debts.
E. The problem, however, is not just a European one.
F. They dissolve in rainwater and this makes acid rain, which damages trees, rivers and streams.
G. However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.

6. My education has given me a _____ view of life.

      A. large                       B. far                              C. wide                           D. broad

7. – “Do you mind if I smoke here?”              - “_____”

      A. Yes, I don’t mind.  B. No, go right ahead.   C. Yes, go ahead.           D. No, I don’t think so.

8. I’m tired. I’d rather _____ out this evening.

      A. not going                B. not to go                    C. don’t go                     D. not go

9. There is a red maple leaf on the_____of Canada.

      A. flag                         B. banner                       C. money                       D.currency

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II. Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets. (10 pts)

1. Did Dick mean to tell Sue about the party, or did it slip out (accident) ........ ?         

2. The young couple had been (child) ......for ten years and so they are thrilled to have a child after they had virtually given up.         

3. Many high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, (orphan) ....... or homes for the aged.   

4.  Although (establish) ......... not long ago, the Women's World Cup is growing in popularity.   

5. There is a considerable (agree) ..... over the safety of the treatment, so it hasn't been applied yet.

6. I am preparing some Christmas gifts for the students with (able) ______ in the school we visited some months ago.

7. It is becoming (increase) ______ obvious that changes will have to take place

8. The teacher will be very much energized (provide) ______ we all work hard enough.                 

9. This service will help you to (notice) ______ the recipient of the time and place to receive the call.     

10. The neighbors are so tired because her dogs keep barking (control) ____________

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B.Pick out the word that stressed differently from the others. (5ms)

1.A. facitious B. decaffeinated C. lobotomy D. profligate

2.A. birthstone B. income C. capacity D. decorate

3.A. vibrato B. subsidiary C. rivulet D. promulgate

4.A. negligent B. malaria C. invaluable D. forewarn

5.A. unabashed B. whirligig C. yarmulke D. billabong